tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-46736522781392585172024-02-19T03:10:03.388-05:00Mackinac Bands - Official Blog of the Mackinac BandsWelcome to the Official Blog site of the Mackinac BandsMBDhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02127891460237728246noreply@blogger.comBlogger70125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4673652278139258517.post-82548482623814928702019-11-03T08:03:00.000-05:002019-11-03T08:12:05.230-05:00How do you get a certificate of Indian blood?<a href="https://www.bia.gov/sites/bia.gov/files/assets/public/raca/online_forms/pdf/CDIB_1076-0153_Exp3-31-21.pdf" target="_blank">Take all of the guess work out of it and the best part is ...its FREE.</a><br />
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A CIB can often be obtained from the Bureau of Indian Affairs for FREE. If you do not know specifically which tribe, then try contacting the BIA closest to where your ancestors were born or lived.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.bia.gov/sites/bia.gov/files/assets/foia/ois/pdf/idc-002619.pdf" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" target="_blank"><img alt=" A Guide to Tracing Your Indian Ancestry." border="0" data-original-height="1174" data-original-width="654" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOWQ2OruJzyb8TifUkcOzRVizUAkc8dSDGtZrQoOTwc__PaBZh0fqQlVwbpV1gWNNURZarR-Z2Z4UrA8D1CZf9m1UPWgUwknbMHxjCX08dj4kiRLEO6hRoAkBp_13ogKQcFm81naCbcx4/s400/2BEAR.jpg" width="222" /></a></td></tr>
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Send your birth certificate, your Indian parents' birth certificate and if available, your Indian grandparents' birth certificate (otherwise their name and approximate birth date), to the Regional or Agency BIA office where your tribe or ancestors are from. If your ancestors were on any of the old census rolls (early 1900's), they might be able to provide you with the name of the tribe(s) you are from and the percentage(s) of Indian blood. This is the easiest and fastest way to prove your Native ancestry.<br />
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<a href="https://www.bia.gov/sites/bia.gov/files/assets/foia/ois/pdf/idc-002619.pdf" target="_blank">Tracing Your Indian Ancestry</a><br />
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<b>Genealogy</b><br />
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Indian Affairs does not conduct genealogical research or maintain a database that you can query in order to find information on your ancestor. Indian Affairs provides a Guide to Tracing Your Indian Ancestry, which provides some general information on the process.<br />
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Once you’ve determined what tribe you are claiming heritage from contact the tribe, using the Tribal Leaders Directory to locate a phone number and address, to ascertain if you are eligible for enrollment in the tribe. Each tribe establishes their own requirements for enrollment in the tribe. The Bureau of Indian Affairs will issue a Certificate degree of Indian Blood (CDIB) that shows your blood quantum and tribal affiliation. You will want to contact the BIA agency that provides services to the tribe you’re claiming heritage from in order to obtain the CDIB card, that information can be found in the Tribal Leaders Directory.<br />
<br />MackBandshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03713507769161516891noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4673652278139258517.post-69477224279495138532017-11-29T12:13:00.001-05:002019-11-03T08:26:10.579-05:00No Thanksgiving 2017<div class="MsoNormal">
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">It’s a wonderful way for native people to anti-celebrate the
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 18.6667px;"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 18.6667px;">A 2015 paper estimate</span><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 18.6667px;">d t</span><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 18.6667px;">hat the population of indigenous people was decimated by 90 percent in the Americas from 100 million to 10 million upon colonization. </span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 18.6667px;">As of 2011, the United States Census Bureau counted 5.1 million Native Americans living in the U.S.</span></div>
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MBDhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02127891460237728246noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4673652278139258517.post-5092245012717023352015-10-02T09:53:00.000-04:002015-10-02T09:53:03.947-04:00Spirit of Ocqueoc Falls<span style="color: white; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif;">Mackinac Bands of Chippewa and Ottawa Indians, Ogema Daryll Brown speaks of how precious water is.</span><br />
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<span style="color: #4e3d1e; font-family: Verdana, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 24px;"><br /></span>MackBandshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03713507769161516891noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4673652278139258517.post-90472083966020092222015-08-18T17:27:00.001-04:002015-08-18T17:29:17.772-04:00Rendezvous/Powwow 2015Rendezvous/Powwow<br />
August 22, 2015 – August 23, 2015<br />
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<br />MackBandshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03713507769161516891noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4673652278139258517.post-37980003917063448832015-06-05T08:42:00.001-04:002015-06-05T08:42:34.012-04:00Mackinac Bands Culture Camp 2015<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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MackBandshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03713507769161516891noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4673652278139258517.post-40735279681041567052015-04-15T08:14:00.000-04:002015-04-15T08:14:01.689-04:00The Meaning of the Eagle Symbol<div style="background: line-height: 13.5pt;">
The meaning of the Eagle symbol was to signify courage, wisdom and strength and its purpose was as the messenger to the Creator. The eagle was believed to carry prayers to the Great Spirit in the Spirit World and also had a special connection with visions.<br />
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Eagle feathers were highly significant to the Native American Indians and the bones of eagles were used to make the whistles and flutes used at religious ceremonies and rituals. It was a custom to hold an eagle feather aloft when saying a prayer and during special council meetings eagle feathers were held as an assurance that the person was telling the truth.<br />
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Eagle feathers also held a connection to the Great spirit. The eagle had the ability to live in the realm of spirit, and yet remain connected and balanced within the realm of Earth. The eagle is therefore often connected with balance.</div>
MackBandshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03713507769161516891noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4673652278139258517.post-718259577964359432015-04-03T08:51:00.001-04:002015-04-03T08:51:52.618-04:00Judge tells Mackinac Tribe to submit federal recognition petition WEDNESDAY, APRIL 1, 2015<br />
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The flag of the Mackinac Bands of Chippewa and Ottawa Indians flies in Michigan. Photo by Fuyuko Hara / Facebook<br />
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The Mackinac Tribe of Michigan must go through the federal recognition process if it wants to follow the Indian Reorganization Act, a federal judge ruled on Tuesday.<br />
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The tribe's Ojibwe and Odawa ancestors signed a series of treaties between 1783 and 1855 and they were identified a distinct community by the Bureau of Indian Affairs as recently as 1926. With that in mind, tribal members asked the Interior Department to conduct a secretarial election in order for them to organize under the IRA.<br />
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When nothing came of the request, the tribe went to court in hopes of forcing action. But Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson said the lawsuit was premature because the tribe had not exhausted its administrative remedies -- namely the Part 83 federal recognition process.<br />
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"Plaintiffs do not dispute that the Part 83 Process is the mechanism by which [Interior] Secretary now recognizes tribes and consequently determines whether Indian groups are eligible for federal benefits such as reorganization, yet plaintiff concedes that it has not pursued those regulatory procedures," Jackson wrote in the 29-page decision.
"Although plaintiff Mackinac Tribe may have approached the Secretary to ask for an election pursuant to the IRA, and thereby invoked the administrative process to some extent, it did not ask the agency the relevant question for the purpose of the administrative process—i.e., whether the Mackinac Tribe satisfies the Part 83 requirements for federal recognition—which, according to the agency, is an indispensible precursor to any request that the Secretary call an election for reorganization of the tribe," Jackson added.<br />
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At least one Mackinac group, the Mackinac Bands of Chippewa and Ottawa Indians, has filed a petition with the BIA for federal recognition. Some Mackinac descendants are members of, or are eligible for membership, in the Sault Ste. MarieMackBandshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03713507769161516891noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4673652278139258517.post-25334392928450812892014-12-09T06:39:00.000-05:002014-12-09T08:28:03.372-05:00Children's Christmas Party 2014<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<br />MackBandshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03713507769161516891noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4673652278139258517.post-91390539983917674342014-11-18T07:13:00.001-05:002014-11-18T07:13:26.255-05:00Disappearing Culture<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">After almost 200 years, you the people are slowly suffering what we the Indians went through. You are not the land of the free. My people still live on reservations, and there are very few opportunities for us. Other people from other lands are living here more freely than we are. They have rights and religious freedoms and celebrate according to their heritage. We couldn't! They get a good education and job opportunities. It makes me mad to think of other races having more rights than my people do. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Still more people come over from other countries because they want to live and be like Americans:</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisQeYKWWFgc5umXHOPC8zhAxMc6h-clJdDTfPE6EyUVtfvqKe-jC8caA-GPI-wVjSCQ2jEns53OUaxea7u_eKOI_N0G_cOS-vpMncGs_c6W7msQZUnvrbME22p8ejI-IKkFC9Hw9U_wMA/s1600/Native+8.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisQeYKWWFgc5umXHOPC8zhAxMc6h-clJdDTfPE6EyUVtfvqKe-jC8caA-GPI-wVjSCQ2jEns53OUaxea7u_eKOI_N0G_cOS-vpMncGs_c6W7msQZUnvrbME22p8ejI-IKkFC9Hw9U_wMA/s1600/Native+8.jpg" height="320" width="255" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">But they refused to speak your language, worship in your churches and celebrate your holidays. So by giving them freedom and rights, they are slowly taking away yours. No prayer allowed in schools, taking God out of the swearing in at court, no 10 Commandments, no Christmas displays at City Hall and no Christmas celebrations in school. What's next? How about "in God we trust" on our money? </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Now you are giving up everything that you so proudly based your new nation on.</span></div>
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MackBandshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03713507769161516891noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4673652278139258517.post-46430137391392848182014-11-18T07:12:00.001-05:002014-11-18T07:12:23.045-05:00Native American pipeA Native American peace pipe is often used in a spiritual ceremony. During the ceremony, Native Americans will smoke from the peace pipe and say a prayer to the four directions.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZWqmmi8XFPAnZke9sU804mBwWtGY4o4Yn9zpXsB7aT1tZlwqu2YA65_cKpeTH7zqFFQgC7GGnIax_IXrV-IWcehenzt1TvYjRexHoPQ6dlP8pxzyyhSljtBPpX07A_yDsfnM0frxbKmI/s1600/Darryl+Pipe+Smoke+2.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZWqmmi8XFPAnZke9sU804mBwWtGY4o4Yn9zpXsB7aT1tZlwqu2YA65_cKpeTH7zqFFQgC7GGnIax_IXrV-IWcehenzt1TvYjRexHoPQ6dlP8pxzyyhSljtBPpX07A_yDsfnM0frxbKmI/s1600/Darryl+Pipe+Smoke+2.JPG" height="240" width="320" /></a></div>
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The Native American peace pipe is not restricted to being used only be Native Americans, but it is a spiritual thing and what it symbolizes must be respected by everyone attending the ceremony. Other types of pipes used in ceremonies were the medicine pipe and the war pipe. The Indian that carried the peace pipe was often allowed to pass through enemy territory out of respect. The war pipe had red feathers symbolizing blood and was smoked before going into battle.MackBandshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03713507769161516891noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4673652278139258517.post-6751483711708507792014-11-18T07:10:00.000-05:002014-11-18T07:10:02.639-05:00Dennis Banks Shares Traditional Teachings With Mackinac Representatives<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif";">Concerned that Mackinac peoples have suffered from historic injustices as a result of being disposed of their lands, Dennis Banks signs a "hand drum" in solidarity with the Mackinac Bands.</span><br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgn6WF_7wQ5pCflceE3ljdzdVQxDUGVwJmBPSEqbNDM1xiWZ7-r1ICeldWwTtF_YD3X6LvomQvXTTXGVvuZiBDqNb87EgsfDD-SHW4BXVDG1333nShjYKJDqVOpmZcBr2FIVm0_wGj7Yns/s1600/Dennis_Banks_Mackinac_Bands_R_Geroux.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgn6WF_7wQ5pCflceE3ljdzdVQxDUGVwJmBPSEqbNDM1xiWZ7-r1ICeldWwTtF_YD3X6LvomQvXTTXGVvuZiBDqNb87EgsfDD-SHW4BXVDG1333nShjYKJDqVOpmZcBr2FIVm0_wGj7Yns/s1600/Dennis_Banks_Mackinac_Bands_R_Geroux.JPG" height="300" width="400" /></a><span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif";"><br /></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfq_aPM3dK9N7qfWtOzaFOI9McbYvcc9bm0bF7Y2HSn29fuRrMdJx10lomnPCcDKO1dQP1Jh_vcALJhc45D5SxNftQXmoqbqDKVY6Wl0hCbnmko5E0mS2erkRQ_h2L66Chbmxv3xE739k/s1600/Mackinac_Bands_Geroux.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfq_aPM3dK9N7qfWtOzaFOI9McbYvcc9bm0bF7Y2HSn29fuRrMdJx10lomnPCcDKO1dQP1Jh_vcALJhc45D5SxNftQXmoqbqDKVY6Wl0hCbnmko5E0mS2erkRQ_h2L66Chbmxv3xE739k/s1600/Mackinac_Bands_Geroux.jpg" height="147" width="200" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif";">Dennis Banks, national leader and spokesperson of the Anishinabe Nations, recognizes the Mackinac Ottawa for their cultural and spiritual traditions. Visiting Beaver Island in 2013, Dennis is convinced that the sacred Sun Dance was once held there.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif";">A video film documentary of the Mackinac Bands struggle for Reaffirmation is in the early planning stages and conversations with film producers for the HISTORY CHANNEL. Banks, a life lone advocate for native rights will visit the Mackinac area again this summer. We welcome his help in development of the Mackinac history project.</span></div>
MackBandshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03713507769161516891noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4673652278139258517.post-28911771099767129412014-11-15T19:20:00.001-05:002014-11-15T19:20:39.945-05:002014 Fall Gathering At the 2014 Fall Gathering Chief Darryl Brown shares with the Mack Bands members that we are at a crossroad.<div>
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MackBandshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03713507769161516891noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4673652278139258517.post-73698753630743404482014-08-30T14:42:00.003-04:002014-08-30T14:50:05.426-04:00Reenactment of Father Jacques Marquette's landing in St. Ignace MI. 2014<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="background: white; font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span>MBDhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02127891460237728246noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4673652278139258517.post-54555787589433754092013-09-01T10:14:00.000-04:002013-09-03T19:43:56.849-04:00Chief Leonard Crow Dog and Mackinac Band Member Ronald Bushnell at the Sacred Pipes Sundance in Pipestone Minnesota.<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Chief
Leonard Crow Dog and Mackinac Band Member Ronald Bushnell<span style="color: #1f497d; mso-themecolor: dark2;"> </span>at the feast Sunday
afternoon after the AIM Gathering of the Sacred Pipes Sundance in Pipestone
Minnesota. Saturday afternoon Ron<span style="color: #1f497d; mso-themecolor: dark2;"> </span>had the Honor of meeting
him, listening to some of his teachings & Saturday evening taking
part in a Sweat Lodge Ceremony lead by Chief Leonard Crow Dog on the Sundance
grounds. </span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrkWo4eBM-sgjy-D41ovmniqnEYD2Mv6zLZT2rhiwWFeCBIySO03bGl8_Y_5eq5hDNOJ3XDTVmT4t0PxH9zSWHyyDnYcxpUMIX_SMp0SH89jDFQXfrGy60gOImygv5ixiFtH3Rwnl0OCU/s1600/Chief+Leonard+Crow+Dog.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="353" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrkWo4eBM-sgjy-D41ovmniqnEYD2Mv6zLZT2rhiwWFeCBIySO03bGl8_Y_5eq5hDNOJ3XDTVmT4t0PxH9zSWHyyDnYcxpUMIX_SMp0SH89jDFQXfrGy60gOImygv5ixiFtH3Rwnl0OCU/s400/Chief+Leonard+Crow+Dog.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4673652278139258517.post-13384534314017874892013-09-01T10:06:00.000-04:002014-11-19T08:06:48.527-05:00Tribe wants federal recognition<br />
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<a href="http://wnmufm.org/post/tribe-wants-federal-recognition" target="_blank">By ASSOCIATED PRESS<span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></a></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;"><a href="http://wnmufm.org/post/tribe-wants-federal-recognition" target="_blank">ESCANABA, MI (AP)-- </a> </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 11.5pt;">A Native American group has
asked the federal government for recognition as a tribe.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfiBLkcNO6s2BTCUypjxHf2mGf7EUXNw6o4yJJJSem4n_6A5yRfeLcGhvS5Eq-YZIkeYCde163GqWtBcAVOW7xQLdvAX7Cu8tKAyINGgNQC8N3zIyy-njvNfYzbB-lDZCGuBoAJb0oxZs/s1600/Nation.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfiBLkcNO6s2BTCUypjxHf2mGf7EUXNw6o4yJJJSem4n_6A5yRfeLcGhvS5Eq-YZIkeYCde163GqWtBcAVOW7xQLdvAX7Cu8tKAyINGgNQC8N3zIyy-njvNfYzbB-lDZCGuBoAJb0oxZs/s1600/Nation.JPG" height="290" width="320" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 11.5pt;">The Daily News of Escanaba reports that the Mackinac Tribal
Nation filed the request with the Interior Department.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 11.5pt;">The tribe says it filed a request
March 20 seeking tribal jurisdiction and recognition for land claims, hunting
and fishing rights, the protection of religious freedom and other treaty
obligations under the Indian Reorganization Act.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 11.5pt;">Mackinac Tribal Nation member
Darrin Ranguette says the group has thousands of members in the eastern Upper
Peninsula as well as in the Lower Peninsula, Indiana and Ohio. <span style="color: #333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4673652278139258517.post-2538873330880048182013-09-01T10:03:00.002-04:002013-09-01T10:03:47.963-04:00Rendezvous At The Straits, 2013 Pow Wow<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtVhtb35PvIwCg4hOMPUIIEEG8dvnh9G8DMWXlyGG_MF9hs8ypQV1vxJukDTdEMcTtZzIXxRbFwb7McsCEl5IkQre37A26KSkmjb9uCE5ZCToYNDyARAx77V9I_Ru-B7CgjZz56tl8vH4/s1600/rendezvous.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtVhtb35PvIwCg4hOMPUIIEEG8dvnh9G8DMWXlyGG_MF9hs8ypQV1vxJukDTdEMcTtZzIXxRbFwb7McsCEl5IkQre37A26KSkmjb9uCE5ZCToYNDyARAx77V9I_Ru-B7CgjZz56tl8vH4/s400/rendezvous.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4673652278139258517.post-64925968681443741332012-08-07T12:00:00.006-04:002012-08-07T12:42:35.443-04:00The 2012 Gathering of the Sacred Pipes Sundance at Pipestone Minnesota<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEglNwZ2qrLIZP4lrlzv3bZg4oAxeEvdA-39vGQD-sV5MpqRQtzKBMz1RCHRJA4rWE3UwkCkzmJbe34T1yG3_MXQXuGP3_voRZXMERGDIn_EOBTw7Kg4G_oi-PvBtY_EUnYZZS787r3NJg8/s1600/Able+%2526+Ron+Pipestone.jpg"><img style="MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 200px; FLOAT: left; HEIGHT: 146px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5773960043400472066" border="0" alt="" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEglNwZ2qrLIZP4lrlzv3bZg4oAxeEvdA-39vGQD-sV5MpqRQtzKBMz1RCHRJA4rWE3UwkCkzmJbe34T1yG3_MXQXuGP3_voRZXMERGDIn_EOBTw7Kg4G_oi-PvBtY_EUnYZZS787r3NJg8/s200/Able+%2526+Ron+Pipestone.jpg" /></a> On August 2nd 2012 the Mackinac Bands of Chippewa and Ottawa Indians Flag was sighted at the 22nd Annual Gathering of the Sacred Pipes Sundance / Youth & Elders Gathering at Pipestone Minnesota.<br /><br />Able Cool Wind of the Bear Clan from Choctaw Nation seen here with Mackinac Bands Native Marine Veteran Flag carrier Ronald Bushnell as they proudly display the Mackinac Bands tribal flag held up in front of the Pipestone National Monument entrance sign as they attended the 2012 ceremonies.<br /><br />The Sundance a very sacred and special ceremony, It just seems fitting that that kind of ceremony would be held here. It fulfills the full scope of the sacred nature of this place.<br /><br />The Sundance at the Monument got underway officially with Tree Day, whereby a tree was selected and carried to the Monument site around which the dancers will carry out their ceremony. Beginning Thursday, Aug. 2, the dancers will fast from sunrise to sunset for four days, praying for the health and happiness of all living things on Mother Earth.<br /><br />By Sunday, Aug. 5th , with their lips cracked from thirst, their skin burnt by the sun and their chests pierced through the flesh, the dancers will emerge from their four days of labor to begin a new life.<br /><br />The community is welcome to witness the ceremony. The site can be reached by vehicle via the Monument’s north access road. At that entrance, attendees will receive a welcome pamphlet that lists Sundance protocols.Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4673652278139258517.post-77228356519450683782012-08-04T13:28:00.009-04:002012-08-04T13:51:58.845-04:00Rendezvous At The Straits, 2012 Pow Wow<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjk6XQs-TMUBEeLFFRMIR1RskX2UgC7ASWgNtjpfO3uiTS2ojXaaK1OrrYhzakQV4c-uQtvrg671CMK6fJeFIjR95CWtlbKHqGtQzcoyRX8elTAmBaUS2GUWi_-YJC61qdupiJH9hOCGUM/s1600/Rendezvous2012.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; cssfloat: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" eda="true" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjk6XQs-TMUBEeLFFRMIR1RskX2UgC7ASWgNtjpfO3uiTS2ojXaaK1OrrYhzakQV4c-uQtvrg671CMK6fJeFIjR95CWtlbKHqGtQzcoyRX8elTAmBaUS2GUWi_-YJC61qdupiJH9hOCGUM/s320/Rendezvous2012.jpg" width="247" /></a></div><strong>Date: August 25-26, 2012</strong></div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;">The Rendezvous portion of the celebration starts at 9:00 a.m. on Saturday and will be followed by the Grand Entry at 1:00. The Powwow will go to about 8:00 p.m. into the evening.</div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;">Sunday’s schedule is about the same and the event will start winding down around 5:00 p.m.<br />
.</div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;">The Rendezvous is open to the public, there is a $4.00 admission fee for adults, $4.00 for elders and students, children under the age of 5 are free, or a weekend pass for $5. This is a family event and is alcohol and drug free. For more information contact Darryl Brown at (906)984-2083.</div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4673652278139258517.post-89396203365908182372011-11-12T10:55:00.000-05:002014-11-18T13:05:40.640-05:00Consolidated Bahweting Ojibwa and Mackinac Tribe<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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In November, 1979, the Mackinac, through Michael Wright and the Consolidated Bahweting Ojibwa and Mackinac Tribe wrote a letter of intent to the Commissioner of the Bureau of Indian affairs requesting federal reaffirmation of the Mackinac’s Indian’s status as a federally recognized Indian tribe.<br />
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In 1997, the United States Congress enacted the Michigan Indian Land Claims Settlement Act which included distribution of settlement funds to certain individual members of the Michilmackinac (i.e., the Mackinac).<br />
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The Chippewa (Ojibwa) and Ottawa (Odawa) Indians are aboriginal and indigenous Algonquin Indian people who occupied areas east of the Mississippi River within the present confines of the northeastern portion of the present United States prior to European contact and settlement within such area.<br />
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From time immemorial the Chippewa and Ottawa Indians of North America were organized along band, village and locality basis, and not within a single tribal Nation.<br />
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Between the years 1783 to 1855, the United States collectively dealt with the Chippewa and Ottawa Indian bands as a single national entity deemed to be the Ottawa and Chippewa Nation for the convenience of the United States to effectuate land cessions from the Chippewa, Ottawa and other Indians. For example, the Treaty of 1836 was formally entered into by the United States and an entity called “the Ottawa and Chippewa Nation of Indians.”<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXaRLr7WYoxvZMmCG9WmClKnxOiqs6khHt0rIjJO7fp7KecP9Ro4A19ki27-5zu6dLksTp-_2eXKLK7qbYbKtGtiWu1aC9YEtFHt_DxWAOtf_iPiy69JTWeLiIFp-aHfcRbHzEAG8cGtA/s1600/Ottawa+family+going+to+war.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXaRLr7WYoxvZMmCG9WmClKnxOiqs6khHt0rIjJO7fp7KecP9Ro4A19ki27-5zu6dLksTp-_2eXKLK7qbYbKtGtiWu1aC9YEtFHt_DxWAOtf_iPiy69JTWeLiIFp-aHfcRbHzEAG8cGtA/s1600/Ottawa+family+going+to+war.JPG" height="243" width="320" /></a><br />
Prior to 1855 the United States negotiated and entered into more than 25 treaties with the Ottawa and Chippewa Nations.<br />
<br />
In 1815, the Defendant’s predecessor established the Mackinac Indian Agency and maintained such agency as the principal federal office through which relations with the Mackinac operated, and services provided to such Indians based upon their status as Indians.<br />
<br />
In the above referenced treaties, the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan were represented by participating chiefs from 42 bands of Indians of which 31 bands were Ottawa and 11 bands were Chippewa, including seven (7) bands roughly located in and around the Mackinac Straits between Big Bay D’Noc and Drummond Island, variously identified as Mackinac/ Michilimackinac, or some variation thereof. <br />
<br />
Of particular relevance, the Treaty of 1836 completed the Indian land cessions in Michigan, and was signed by many of the Mackinac chiefs and included in Article III, reservations for the Mackinac /Michilimackinac and other lands and waters of traditional use and occupancy for such Indians. <br />
<br />
Between 1836 and 1855, Chippewa and Ottawa Indians of Michigan asserted various treaty violations and other equitable claims based upon the Treaty of 1836 and prior treaties, which were addressed in the Treaty of 1855.<br />
<br />
During the negotiations of the 1855 treaty, Waw-Be-Geeg, a spokesman for the Michigan Indians stated, “ At the Treaty of (18)36 our Fathers were in partnership with the Ottawa, but now that partnership is finished and we who come from the foot of Lake Superior wish to do business for ‘ourselves.’” In such negotiations, the United States and the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians agreed to the provisions of Article V of the Treaty of 1855, which provided: The tribal organization of said Ottawa and Chippewa Indians, except so far as may be necessary for the purpose of carrying into effect the provisions of this agreement, is hereby dissolved; and if at any time hereafter, further negotiations with the United States, in reference to any matters contained herein, should become necessary, no general convention of the Indians shall be called; but such as reside in the vicinity of any usual place of payment, or those only who are immediately interested in the questions involved, may arrange all matters between themselves and the United States, without the concurrence of other portions of their people, and as fully and conclusively, and with the same effect in every respect, as if all were represented.<br />
<br />
The Treaty of 1855, specifically, referenced eight (8) “vicinities” for the residence of the Indians in question and for the “usual place of payment” of annuities under the 1836 and 1855 Treaties. <br />
Specifically, the “Mackinac” vicinities were located at Townships 42 north, ranges 1 and 2 west (near St. Ignace, Michigan) and township 43 north, range 1 west, and township 44 north, range 12 west (near Manistique, Michigan).<br />
<br />
In 1872, Secretary of the Interior Columbus Delano, a predecessor to the above named Defendant, implemented a policy of “administrative termination” with respect to the Michigan tribes who were signatories to the Treaty of 1855, including the Plaintiff, Mackinac Bands.<br />
<br />
In 1889, the Defendant’s predecessor closed the Mackinac Agency, and federal services to the Mackinac, based upon their status as Indians, ceased.<br />
<br />
Since that time, the Courts have held that Secretary Delano “illegally acted as if the Band’s recognition had been terminated.”<br />
<br />
Since that time, the Mackinac have continued to maintain tribal relations.<br />
<br />
In 1910, the Bureau of Indian Affairs conducted an enrollment of the Mackinac Bands, together with other Michigan Indian Tribes, known as the Horace B. Durant Roll, and identifying such Mackinac tribal members as members of such tribe for the purposes of receiving annuities and other services provided to Indian people because of their status as Indian. <br />
<br />
<br />
In 1916, the Mackinac organized a claims committee to present equitable claims on behalf of the Mackinac to the United States.<br />
<br />
n April 4, 1916 the Mackinac claims committee recorded a Power of Attorney at the Mackinac County Recorder’s Office naming David Corp for the purposes of pressing Mackinac claims.<br />
<br />
In 1926, Secretary Hurbert Work, the Defendant’s predecessor, requested and commissioned an investigation and report on the condition and affairs of Indians in the United States, which resulted in the report entitled “The Problem of Indian Administration,” also known as the “Meriam Report”.<br />
<br />
The Meriam Report documented the continued existence of the Mackinac Bands as being the largest identifiable Indian group in Michigan with a population of 1,193 in 1926.<br />
<br />
In 1972 the Indian Claims Commission decisions awarded judgments in Docket Nos. 8–E, 58, and 364 to the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan, including the claims of the Mackinac.<br />
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<br />
In November, 1979, the Mackinac, through Michael Wright and the Consolidated Bahweting Ojibwa and Mackinac Tribe wrote a letter of intent to the Commissioner of the Bureau of Indian affairs requesting federal reaffirmation of the Mackinac’s Indian’s status as a federally recognized Indian tribe.<br />
<br />
In 1997, the United States Congress enacted the Michigan Indian Land Claims Settlement Act, which included distribution of settlement funds to certain individual members of the Michilmackinac (i.e., the Mackinac).<br />
<br />
In the 1990’s, the seven (7) historic bands of the Mackinac are organized into the Mackinac Bands of Chippewa and Ottawa Indians. <br />
<br />
On May 13, 1998, the Mackinac Bands of Chippewa and Ottawa Indians filed a letter of intent to file a petition seeking federal acknowledgment of the Mackinac pursuant to the Office of Federal Acknowledgement process [25 CFR 83 ] which was assigned designation as “Group 186” within the OFA docket.<br />
<br />
Then in the 2008’s +, the seven (7) historic bands of the Mackinac are organized into 4 different groups, of the Mackinac Bands of Chippewa and Ottawa Indians.<br />
<br />
The Indian Reorganization Act provides in pertinent part that “Any Indian tribe shall have the right to organize for its common welfare, and may adopt an appropriate constitution and bylaws, and any amendments thereto,” [25 USC § 476(a)].<br />
<br />
The Indian Reorganization Act further provides in pertinent part “The Secretary shall call and hold an election as required by subsection (a) of this section … within one hundred and eighty days after the receipt of a tribal request for an election to ratify a proposed constitution and bylaws, or to revoke such constitution and bylaws.” [25 USC § 476(c)].Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4673652278139258517.post-73320815330918683392011-10-04T14:38:00.000-04:002011-10-04T14:46:25.973-04:002011 Fall Feast<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:officedocumentsettings> <o:donotrelyoncss/> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:worddocument> <w:view>Normal</w:View> <w:zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:trackmoves/> <w:trackformatting/> <w:punctuationkerning/> <w:validateagainstschemas/> <w:saveifxmlinvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:ignoremixedcontent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:alwaysshowplaceholdertext>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> 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<w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="33" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Book Title"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="37" name="Bibliography"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="39" qformat="true" name="TOC Heading"> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} </style> <![endif]--><span style=";font-family:";" >Mackinac Bands of Chippewa and Ottawa Indians Fall Feast will be held on Sun. October 9<sup>th</sup> at 1:00 p.m. at Father Marquette Park just off U.S. 2 in St. Ignace, MI.</span><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7uG7ACxCULlBNjykRqUQjnoeAIAR4ugpEtnd-lpuoHNDIvbV5pHK40C3bMS4t68bmrOVYpDt_48T_e26XbwCnELMO2j_MqcAtAjyfxUYKDrlLDnQJl5DuQKq2CtAAn13Da_EXhJ2aw6k/s1600/park.jpg"><img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 240px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7uG7ACxCULlBNjykRqUQjnoeAIAR4ugpEtnd-lpuoHNDIvbV5pHK40C3bMS4t68bmrOVYpDt_48T_e26XbwCnELMO2j_MqcAtAjyfxUYKDrlLDnQJl5DuQKq2CtAAn13Da_EXhJ2aw6k/s320/park.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5659710184928237298" border="0" /></a> <p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="Tahoma","sans-serif"font-family:";" >Please bring a dish to pass, your own tableware and folding chair. Meat and soft drinks will be provided.<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>Everyone welcome.</span></p> <p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="Tahoma","sans-serif"font-family:";" >Thank you.</span></p> <p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="Tahoma","sans-serif"font-family:";" >Linda Carlson, Secretary<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>231-627-4239</span></p> <span style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:100%;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"></span></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4673652278139258517.post-74697581336102669322011-01-21T09:38:00.000-05:002011-01-22T08:36:03.934-05:00New Forms<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqvsFTXLTUpF9KBno3OlKTDWCgslGfnam-gt0FHbmB6_5bD9kopTjjAX_2Me2ga-wSJTgfxTBlacrsDiYXtmoDRWgiiPd_gH7eWyVEwQSmjy675B7PHQE45Ttx6Z5EfXyj9O6igeGcK2Q/s1600/eagle+II.jpg"><img style="MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 246px; FLOAT: left; HEIGHT: 196px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5565002894685741122" border="0" alt="" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqvsFTXLTUpF9KBno3OlKTDWCgslGfnam-gt0FHbmB6_5bD9kopTjjAX_2Me2ga-wSJTgfxTBlacrsDiYXtmoDRWgiiPd_gH7eWyVEwQSmjy675B7PHQE45Ttx6Z5EfXyj9O6igeGcK2Q/s320/eagle+II.jpg" /></a><br /><div><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_jb4l946vfX_PPcren2xKl0KN-JQZacQAo1PgxDRuLr5fIeAlDi7d79JtzVMbY4Em93MqOrsklxWzS3mVAhXL5PYOq7zjd5uLN02bNsVClD1Sg6dxCPydJYcoJm_d7xf3LXgMTzAv_P4/s1600/eagle.jpg"></a>We have changed the forms 1/21/11 to include a watermark for authenticity Please only use the forms posted to the right with the Eagle watermark.<br /><br />Sincerely,<br />Vada Wait Chairperson, and on behalf of the Mackinac Bands of Chippewa & Ottawa Indians board of directors.</div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4673652278139258517.post-59348135854762063242011-01-20T06:53:00.000-05:002011-01-20T07:00:16.185-05:00Council meeting January 20th at 1:00 p.m.<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibiIhwwJhWx36blLuL9DBbj4ieioZIaWZBAfHySfn3o09YUPFtiryZ5kDckAWEeody7m2OK2H8xcQLAWb3Iw9zy8LMkChy2iR5_r-_KwGVqiogulOyKpHpe6_KobupZ1IXx2AQk8KCLLQ/s1600/Meeting+I.jpg"><img style="MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 166px; FLOAT: left; HEIGHT: 149px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5564236070163893522" border="0" alt="" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibiIhwwJhWx36blLuL9DBbj4ieioZIaWZBAfHySfn3o09YUPFtiryZ5kDckAWEeody7m2OK2H8xcQLAWb3Iw9zy8LMkChy2iR5_r-_KwGVqiogulOyKpHpe6_KobupZ1IXx2AQk8KCLLQ/s200/Meeting+I.jpg" /></a><br /><div><div>Mackinac Bands of Chippewa and Ottawa Indians Council meeting will be held on Thursday, January 20th at 1:00 p.m. at the <a href="http://www.cheboyganlibrary.org/">Cheboygan Area Library </a>in the lower level.<br /><br />Everyone welcome. </div></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4673652278139258517.post-70115638037262303932011-01-18T07:26:00.000-05:002011-01-18T07:32:15.153-05:002011 Rendezvous at the Straits<div>Make your plans <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjutYXhQRg6xEoEdEGNzIC41fqyhvDgjrshS-jzWu39hcun7wwsKLOBjDmXBdfyJ2XEB0oeVEj49ftAAg4i5pRNPJXI8hByadIpG30j0JckMMrsSBAM-6b3yMiwXqQ7U6wvshB2Dff8wOQ/s1600/Rendevous+2011.jpg"></a>early.<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgj96k7H8yDDkQOkckGmo4iIEmrQa5WHb8mBfP79Xj5Z9RCzKAeG4rnrlQXOxTN8lXC4jT95-E9lv9nCGHZ44AG304tQR3SASkg4Zpu9TGcspZiZPEInFaJl_iQb5ZpqzA0R6rG79vxXhs/s1600/Rendevous+2011.jpg"><img style="MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 309px; FLOAT: left; HEIGHT: 400px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5563502751758564594" border="0" alt="" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgj96k7H8yDDkQOkckGmo4iIEmrQa5WHb8mBfP79Xj5Z9RCzKAeG4rnrlQXOxTN8lXC4jT95-E9lv9nCGHZ44AG304tQR3SASkg4Zpu9TGcspZiZPEInFaJl_iQb5ZpqzA0R6rG79vxXhs/s400/Rendevous+2011.jpg" /></a><br /><br /><div></div></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4673652278139258517.post-64780547829067389712011-01-17T06:23:00.000-05:002011-01-17T06:47:31.445-05:00Council meeting January 17th at 1:00 p.m.<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdI-m0qAlOFq_k_67z19mATt0wUDpYZ-SoA6QcKqilP00zh-_-hU9opG5FhHRhg4hkNm67Dnt5ccyBR3lib5VE6tDiExaw-jjZ1y9YlqMLItaUMS0EpcWOr2cYz3GenY91mD_v2JxP43k/s1600/Meeting.jpg"><img style="MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 200px; FLOAT: left; HEIGHT: 142px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5563120141971374194" border="0" alt="" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdI-m0qAlOFq_k_67z19mATt0wUDpYZ-SoA6QcKqilP00zh-_-hU9opG5FhHRhg4hkNm67Dnt5ccyBR3lib5VE6tDiExaw-jjZ1y9YlqMLItaUMS0EpcWOr2cYz3GenY91mD_v2JxP43k/s200/Meeting.jpg" /></a><br />Mackinac Bands of Chippewa and Ottawa Indians Native American Council meeting will be held on Monday, January 17th at 1:00 p.m. at the Cheboygan Area Library in the lower level.<br /><br />Everyone welcome to attend.Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4673652278139258517.post-10082873980936089772010-08-26T09:07:00.000-04:002014-11-23T07:28:59.026-05:00PRESIDENT NIXON, SPECIAL MESSAGE ON INDIAN AFFAIRS JULY 8, 1970<div class="separator" style="clear: both; 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The new direction of Indian policy which aimed at Indian self-determination was set forth by Republican President Richard Nixon in a special message to Congress in July 1970. Nixon condemned forced termination and proposed recommendations for specific action. His introduction and conclusion are printed here.<br />
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To the Congress of the United States:<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkBO-sLQQHOG_yVWJbQZQrJ9usswBHbIAt9apQoC6aUoKXtWdmew1d9eGUksrwtshM-YnRZTl88SRRAVKBmr8Z4xQGrHKxz-5mHJBsKnoxqeZzymoMwOK8ARuNNeMJI2n57QLGk3Ky22k/s1600/Nixon.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkBO-sLQQHOG_yVWJbQZQrJ9usswBHbIAt9apQoC6aUoKXtWdmew1d9eGUksrwtshM-YnRZTl88SRRAVKBmr8Z4xQGrHKxz-5mHJBsKnoxqeZzymoMwOK8ARuNNeMJI2n57QLGk3Ky22k/s1600/Nixon.JPG" height="233" width="320" /></a></div>
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The first Americans - the Indians - are the most deprived and most isolated minority group in our nation. On virtually very scale of measurement employment, income, education, health - the condition of the Indian people ranks at the bottom.<br />
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This condition is the heritage of centuries of injustice. From the time of their first contact with European settlers, the American Indians have been oppressed and brutalized, deprived of their ancestral lands and denied the opportunity to control their own destiny. Even the Federal programs which are intended to meet their needs have frequently proved to be ineffective and demeaning.<br />
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But the story of the Indian in America is something more than the record of the white man’s frequent aggression, broken agreements, intermittent remorse and prolonged failure. It is a record also of endurance, of survival, of adaptation and creativity in the face of overwhelming obstacles. It is a record of enormous contributions to this country – to its art and culture, to its strength and spirit, to its sense of history and its sense of purpose.<br />
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It is long past time that the Indian policies of the Federal government began to recognize and build upon the capacities and insights of the Indian people. Both as a matter of justice and as a matter of enlightened social policy, we must begin to act on the basis of what the Indians themselves have long been telling us. The time has come to break decisively with the past and to create the conditions for a new era in which the Indian future is determined by Indian acts and Indian decisions.<br />
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<a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0BxuE4-YtqhTvbXZjYVM2VkY5ZE0/view?usp=sharing" target="_blank">Download Complete Message Here.</a><br />
<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0